Integrated analysis of phenome, genome, and transcriptome of hybrid rice uncovered multiple heterosis-related loci for yield increase
Li Dayong
Huang Zhiyuan
Song Shuhui
Xin Yeyun
Mao Donghai
Lv Qiming
Zhou Ming
Tian Dongmei
Tang Mingfeng
Wu Qi
Chen Tingting
Song Xianwei
Fu Xiqin
Zhao Bingran
Liang Chengzhi
Liu Guozhen
Li Shigui
Cao Xiaofeng
Yuan Longping
Chen Caiyan
Zhu Lihuang
· 2016
期刊名称：
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
2016 年
113 卷
41 期
摘要：
Hybrid rice is the dominant form of rice planted in China, and its use has extended worldwide since the 1970s. It offers great yield advantages and has contributed greatly to the world's food security. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying heterosis have remained a mystery. In this study we integrated genetics and omics analyses to determine the candidate genes for yield heterosis in a model two-line rice hybrid system, Liang-you-pei 9 (LYP9) and its parents. Phenomics study revealed that the better parent heterosis (BPH) of yield in hybrid is not ascribed to BPH of all the yield components but is specific to the BPH of spikelet number per panicle (SPP) and paternal parent heterosis (PPH) of effective panicle number (EPN). Genetic analyses then identified multiple quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for these two components. Moreover, a number of differentially expressed genes and alleles in the hybrid were mapped by transcriptome profiling to the QTL regions as possible candidate genes. In parallel, a major QTL for yield heterosis, rice heterosis 8(RH8), was found to be the DTH8/Ghd8/LHD1 gene. Based on the shared allelic heterozygosity of RH8 in many hybrid rice cultivars, a common mechanism for yield heterosis in the present commercial hybrid rice is proposed.
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